文/沙沫

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这里说的迪拜的当地人,主要是指拥有阿联酋国籍的,而我们这些外来的打工仔是不算在内的。不管是老迪拜还是新迪拜,不管是在海关还是在政府部门,都能遇见不少的当地人,只要我们稍微注意一下,就会发现有的当地人明显偏黑,而有的却明显偏白,要解释这个问题,只能从迪拜的历史找到答案。

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迪拜的当地人大致分为四类人。

第一类:真正意义的当地人

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请看迪拜酋长的图片。皮肤颜色比较适中,既不很黑也不很白,这类当地人才可以说是真正的当地人。他们主要是沙漠的北都因游落民族。迪拜统治家族1833年从阿布扎比的Liwa绿洲带了八百多人左右来到现在迪拜河的遗产区定居下来,这批人的后代的肤色和酋长的肤色比较接近。

第二类:偏白色的当地人

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迪拜Bastakiya的伊朗风格清真寺

这类当地人大多数拥有伊朗血统,迪拜与伊朗的联系源远流长,其中影响最大的大约在1900左右,迪拜当时的酋长就开始实行免税政策,从而吸引了大量的伊朗商人到迪拜来做贸易并定居,这批伊朗人很多来自伊朗南部的几个小村庄,其中以Bastak为主,当时酋长免费提供了很大一块地给这些商人居住,这个地方就是现在的迪拜的Bastakiya,现在已经被迪拜政府作为文化遗产区来保护。这些人的后辈在阿联酋建国的时候就选择加入了阿联酋国籍。其中迪拜现在赫赫有名的大家族就有Galadari家族,Al Khoory家族,Ansari家族,Al Gurg家族等等,他们的祖辈都是来自伊朗南部的小村庄,直到现在,他们都有很多亲戚仍然居住在这些小村庄中。
因为伊朗人皮肤相对较白,所以加入阿联酋国籍的这些伊朗人自然肤色就较白。

第三类:偏黑的当地人

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如图所示,在阿联酋建国前,当时很多非洲国家,比如坦桑尼亚,赞比亚,和索马里等,都有很多来自这些国家的黑人劳工在阿联酋,阿曼,卡塔尔,巴林这些海湾国家工作。当地很多比较富裕的家庭里都有很多来自非洲这些国家的佣人,男性主要从事比如潜水挖珍珠,椰枣树种植的体力工作,女性则主要从事家庭劳动和保姆工作。在阿联酋建国的时候,这些人很多就选择加入了阿联酋国籍,但是这些人享受的待遇和真正的当地人还是有很多区别的。所以这类来自非洲的这部分当地人的肤色就比较黑,他们的婚姻大多数也局限在这部分人群中,男性可能会选择回到他们自己的地方去结婚,然后带到阿联酋来,这部人在自己的国家也有相当的亲戚。

第四类:少量其他国家以及后来加入当地国籍的

在阿联酋建国前,也门发生了南北战争,所以不少也门人逃离家园来到阿布扎比,迪拜,这部分也门人在阿联酋建国时也选择加入了阿联酋国籍,现在主要是在警察系统工作。还有一些巴勒斯坦的难民加入了当地国籍。当然也有不少通过婚姻关系加入阿联酋国籍的,这类人就比较复杂,世界各个国家都有,甚至有少量中国人,所以肤色也各不相同。印度人在迪拜数量非常大,可是在阿联酋建国的时候,选择加入阿联酋国籍的并不多,因为当时这个地区还是英国殖民地,并且由东印度公司管辖,经济也并不发达。现在迪拜的相当数量的印度富豪,都是印度国籍,比如Lulu集团的老板,Gems学校的老板,Landmark集团都是印度国籍。

作者介绍:
李华飞,笔名沙沫,职业中医医生。一手拿针,一手拿笔,经常流连于迪拜那些不为人知的故事。

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